Ko te whakawhiti reo mai i te reo Māori ki te reo Mārata (Maltese) he haerenga i waenga i ngā ao reo e rua e tino rerekē ana te takenga mai, te hanganga wetereo, me te ahurea. Ko te reo Māori, he reo taketake nō te whānau Polynesian o ngā reo Austronesian, e ahu mai ana i te Moana-nui-a-Kiwa. I tētahi taha, ko te reo Mārata, he reo Semiti te takenga, engari kua whai awe nui mai i ngā reo Romance (pēnei i te reo Itari me te reo Sicilian) me te reo Ingarihi. Nā reira, he mahi uaua, he mahi motuhake hoki te rapu i te taurite tika i waenga i ēnei reo e rua, kia kaua e ngaro te wairua, te hohonu, me te tapu o ngā kupu Māori i te wā e hurihia ana ki te reo Mārata.
He Tirohanga Whānui ki te Takenga mai o ngā Reo e Rua
Mā te mārama ki te ahurea me te taupori o ngā reo e rua e āwhina te kaiwhakamaori ki te mahi i tana mahi. Ko te reo Māori he reo e whakawhirinaki nui ana ki te wairua o te kōrero, te ahurei o te ahurea, me te ao tūroa. He reo whakaahua te reo Māori, e whakamahi ana i te hanga kupu motuhake hei whakaatu i te mahi a te tangata me te hononga ki te whenua. I tērā taha, ko te reo Mārata anake te reo Semiti i roto i te Rūnanga o Ūropi (European Union), ā, e tuhia ana ki te arapū Rātini. He reo tēnei e whakakotahi ana i ngā tauira morphology Semiti (pēnei i te pūnaha pakiaka kupu kōoiti, ko te "root and pattern") me te wetereo me te kupu o Ūropi. He mea nui te wetewete i ēnei hononga rerekē hei pupuri i te ngako o te kōrero taketake.
Pūnaha Wetereo: Te Tūtakitanga o ngā Hanganga Rerekē
Ko te wetereo te wāhanga uaua rawa atu mō te kaiwhakawhiti kōrero. Ko te reo Māori te nuinga o te wā he reo Verb-Subject-Object (VSO). Te tikanga o tēnei, ka tīmata te rerenga kōrero ki te tūmahi (verb), ka whai mai te kaimahi (subject), kātahi ka whai mai te tūmatua (object). Hei tauira, "Kua kai te tamaiti i te aporo." I te reo Mārata, ka taea te whakamahi i te VSO engari ko te Subject-Verb-Object (SVO) te hanga e tino kitea ana i roto i ngā kōrero o ia rā. Ko te huri i tēnei pūnaha hanganga rerenga kōrero me tino tupato kei hē te aronga o te kōrero.
Kāore he pūnaha tohu tūāhua (gendered nouns) i te reo Māori, engari he tino nui tēnei pūnaha i te reo Mārata. I te reo Mārata, he rerekē ngā tūpou me ngā tūpou-mahi mō te wahine me te tāne. Hei tauira, me mōhio te kaiwhakamaori mena ko te tangata e kōrerotia ana he tāne, he wahine rānei kia taea ai te whiriwhiri i te kupu Mārata tika. Waihoki, he rerekē te mahi a ngā kupu tohu wā. I te reo Māori, ka whakamahia ngā pūremu (particles) pēnei i te "kua", "kei te", "e... ana", me te "i" hei tohu i te wā o te mahi. I te reo Mārata, ka panoni te kupu tūmahi ake (conjugation) hei whakaatu i te wā (past, present) me te aronga o te kōrero (aspect). Ko tēnei whakawhitinga me āta wetewete e te kaiwhakamaori kia kaua e ngaro te aronga o te wā.
Te Whakawhiti i ngā Ariā Ahurea o te Ao Māori
Ko te wero nui rawa atu mō te kaiwhakawhiti reo ko te whakamaori i ngā ariā ahurea kāhore he kupu rite i te reo Mārata. He kupu pēnei i te mana, tapu, kaitiakitanga, whanaungatanga, me te tino rangatiratanga. Ko ēnei kupu e mau ana i ngā whakaaro me ngā tikanga hohonu o te ao Māori, ā, kāhore he kupu kotahi i te reo Mārata hei whakaatu i tō rātou wairua.
Mēnā ka whakamahi te kaiwhakamaori i te tūtohu kupu noa (literal translation), ka ngaro te tino tikanga o te kupu. Hei tauira:
- Mana: Mena ka whakawhitia ki te kupu Mārata mō te manaaki, te kaha rānei (pēnei i te "saħħa" - kaha/ora, "awtorità" - mana whakahaere), kāore e mau te wairua o te hononga ki ngā atua me ngā tūpuna.
- Kaitiakitanga: Ka taea te whakamahi i te kupu "kustodja" (custodianship) rānei, "responsabbiltà ambjentali" (environmental responsibility) i te reo Mārata, engari kāore e mau te hononga whakapapa o te tangata ki te whenua.
- Tapu: Ahakoa he tata te kupu "sagrat" (sacred/taboo) i te reo Mārata, ko te ara pūtahitanga o te tapu ki ngā tikanga o te ao Māori he mea e hiahia ana ki tētahi whakamārama roa ake i te horopaki o te tuhinga.
Ko te tikanga tino pai mō ēnei kupu, ko te waiho tonu i te kupu Māori taketake, me te whakahua i tētahi whakamārama poto (gloss) i te reo Mārata i roto i te tuhinga. Mā tēnei e whakaute te reo okioki me te whakaatu i te tino ahua o te ariā ki te hunga pānui o Malta.
Ngā Tohutohu Whai Take mō te Kaiwhakamaori
Mō te hunga e mahi ana i tēnei mahi matū, tēnei ētahi tohutohu hei whai mā koutou:
- Arotahi ki te Horopaki: Kaua e whakamaori i ia kupu, i ia kupu. Tātarihia te rerenga kōrero katoa me tōna horopaki ahurea i mua i te tīmatanga ki te tuhi ki te reo Mārata.
- Kia Mōhio ki ngā Pakiaka Kupu o te Reo Mārata: Nā te mea he reo Semiti te reo Mārata, he mea nui te mārama ki te pūnaha pakiaka "triliteral" (e toru ngā reta matua). Ka āwhina tēnei ki te kimi i te kupu tohu tika e pā ana ki te mahi, te ahua rānei e whakaahuatia ana i te reo Māori.
- Arotakehia e ngā Kaikōrero Taketake: I muri mai i te whakawhitinga reo, me tuku te tuhinga ki tētahi kaikōrero taketake o te reo Mārata me tētahi kaikōrero taketake o te reo Māori. Mā tēnei pūnaha arotake e whakarite kāore he hē o te māramatanga me te reo kōrero.
- Te Whakamahi i ngā Papatakupu Motuhake: Whakamahia ngā papatakupu ahurea, kaua ko ngā mea noa. Rapua ngā tauira kōrero tuku iho e whai ana i ngā tauira whakaaro rite i waenga i ngā ahurea e rua hei hanga i tētahi whakawhitinga reo māhorahora.
I te mutunga iho, ko te whakawhiti reo mai i te reo Māori ki te reo Mārata he mahi whakatinana i te piriti i waenga i ngā moana e rua: te Moana-nui-a-Kiwa me te Moana Mediterane (Mediterranean Sea). Mā te whai i ngā tikanga tika, te mārama ki te wetereo, me te whakaute ki ngā tikanga ahurea, ka taea te whakaatu i te ataahua o te reo Māori ki te hunga kōrero o Malta me te wairua pono, me te kore e ngaro o te mana o te kupu.