ಮಾವೋರಿ ಅನ್ನು ನೇಪಾಳಿ ಗೆ ಅನುವಾದಿಸಿ - ಉಚಿತ ಆನ್‌ಲೈನ್ ಅನುವಾದಕ ಮತ್ತು ಸರಿಯಾದ ವ್ಯಾಕರಣ | ಫ್ರಾಂಕೋ ಅನುವಾದ

Ko te whakawhiti reo i waenga i te reo Māori me te reo Nepari (Nepali) he ara ahurei e hono ana i tētahi reo Ahitonihia (Austronesian) nō te Moana-nui-a-Kiwa ki tētahi reo Initia-Aria (Indo-Aryan) nō ngā maunga whakahī o Himahia (Himalayas). Mo te kaiwhakawhiti reo, ehara tēnei mahi i te whakawhiti kupu noa iho; he mahi tuitui ahurea, he whakawhiti ariā, he whakatikatika i ngā pou wetereo e rerekē rawa ana te hanganga me te tirohanga ao. Mā tēnei rārangi take e whakamārama ngā āhuatanga matua, ngā rereketanga kōrero, me ngā tohutohu whai hua e taea ai te whakatutuki i tētahi whakawhiti reo kounga teitei.

Te Nekehanga mai i te Hanganga VSO ki te SOV

Ko tētahi o ngā wero nui rawa atu mā te kaiwhakawhiti reo ko te hurihanga o te raupapa o ngā kupu i roto i te rerenga kōrero. I roto i te reo Māori, ko te raupapa matua ko te Kupu Mahi-Tūpou-Kupu Aupiki (VSO - Verb-Subject-Object). Hei tauira:

• Reo Māori: I ngaki te bóka (poumahi) i te rīwai (kupu aupiki).
• Ko te kupu mahi ("ngaki") kei te timatanga o te rerenga kōrero.

Heoi, mo te reo Nepari, ko te hanganga rerenga kōrero ko te Tūpou-Kupu Aupiki-Kupu Mahi (SOV - Subject-Object-Verb). Ina whakawhitia taua rerenga kōrero ki te reo Nepari, ka pēnei te whakatakotoranga:

• Reo Nepari: किसानले आलु खने (Kisānle ālu khane - Kaiwhakato rīwai ngaki).
• Kei te whakamutunga o te rerenga kōrero te kupu mahi ("khane" - ngaki).

Mā te kaiwhakawhiti reo e āta aro ki tēnei huringa hanganga. Ki te whai tonu te kaiwhakawhiti i te hanganga o te reo taketake me te kore e whakatika i te raupapa o ngā kupu, ka rangona te tauhou me te hē o te rerenga kōrero i te reo e whai ana.

Te Whakamahi i ngā Tūpou me ngā Muri-kupu (Postpositions)

Ko tētahi atu rerekētanga nui i waenga i ngā reo e rua ko te mahi a ngā kupu aupiki me ngā kupu hono. Ko te reo Māori e whakamahi ana i ngā tohu pēnei i te "i", "ki", "hei", "ma", me te "mo" i mua i te kupu ingoa (prepositions). Heoi, ko te reo Nepari e whakamahi ana i ngā "postpositions" (he kupu hono ka piri ki muri o te kupu ingoa hei tūhono).

Hei tauira, ko te kupu Nepari "-ko" (को) e tohu ana i te tūnga o te tangata, tana taonga rānei (pēnei i te "a" me te "o" o te reo Māori), engari ka piri tonu ki muri: "rātou ko" ka riro hei "nō rātou". I roto i te reo Nepari, ko te rerenga "te whare o te kaiako" ka pēnei te takoto: "शिक्षकको घर" (Shikshak-ko ghar - Kaiako-o whare). Ko te māramatanga ki te mahi a ngā muri-kupu pēnei i te "-lai" (mō/ki) me te "-ma" (i roto/i runga) te huarahi matua ki te whakatakoto rerenga kōrero Nepari e pono ana ki tōna ake wetereo.

Ngā Tikanga Whakahonore me te Rerekētanga o ngā Tūpou Personal

He reo ahurei te reo Māori mo te taha ki te tūponotanga o te tūpou. He mea nui te wetewete i te tūpou takitahi (koe/ia), te tūpou takirua (kōrua/rāua), me te tūpou takitini (koutou/rātou), me te whiriwhiri hoki i te whakauru mai o te tangata e kōrero ana (tātou/tāua - inclusive) me te wehe atu i taua tangata (mātou/māua - exclusive).

I te reo Nepari, kāore he tūpou takirua, kāore hoki he wehenga whakauru/tāpiri pēnei i a tātou me mātou. Engari, he tino uaua tōna punaha whakahonore (honorifics). Kei te reo Nepari ngā taumata rerekē mō te kupu "koe" me te kupu "ia" e tohu ana i te mana me te hononga o te tangata ki te hunga kōrero:

• Taumata Hātea (Tā/Ta): Whakamahia mō te hunga tamariki, mō ngā kararehe rānei (kāore he mana motuhake i roto i te kōrero).
• Taumata Waenga (Timi): Whakamahia i waenga i ngā hoa tata, te whānau rānei o te reanga kotahi.
• Taumata Teitei (Aapa/Waha): Whakamahia hei whakaatu i te whakaute ki ngā pakeke, ngā manuhiri, me ngā tāngata whai mana nui.

Mo te kaiwhakawhiti reo, he mea nui te mohio ki te ao pāpori me te horopaki o te kōrero Māori. Hei tauira, ina whakawhitia te rerenga kōrero a tētahi mokopuna ki tōna tupuna i roto i te reo Māori, me whiriwhiri te taumata teitei (Aapa) o te reo Nepari hei whakaatu i te aroha me te whakaute e rite ana ki te ao Māori.

Te Whakawhiti Ariā Ahurea: Te Mauri, te Mana, me te Dharma

Ko te hunga whai wheako ki te whakawhiti reo e mōhio ana he tapu ngā kupu pēnei i te "mana", "tapu", "mauri", me te "whakapapa". Kāore tēnei momo kupu e whai kupu kotahi pūmau i roto i te reo Nepari. Ko te ngana ki te whakamāori-nepari rārangi noa iho i ēnei ariā he whakakāhore i tō rātou hōhonutanga.

Me titiro te kaiwhakawhiti ki ngā āhuatanga rite o te ahurea Nepari. Hei tauira, e tata ana te ariā o te "dharma" (धर्म) ki te aronga o te tapu me te tika o te ao, te taiao, me ngā mahi a te tangata. Ko te ariā o te "ijjat" (इज्जत) e pā ana ki te honore, te aroha, me te mana o te whānau me te hapori. Ina whakawhitia ēnei kupu, me mātua whakamahi te kaiwhakawhiti i te tikanga "localization" (te kimi i te kupu tōtika o te reo whai e rite ana te awe ā-ahurea, te titiro rānei ki te whakatakoto whakamāramatanga poto i roto i te kuputaka).

Ngā Tohutohu Matua mā te Kaiwhakawhiti Reo

Hei whakarāpopototanga i tēnei tohutohu, koinei ngā tikanga matua me whai e te kaiwhakawhiti reo mai i te reo Māori ki te reo Nepari:

• Arotahi ki te Horopaki: Kaua e whakawhiti kupu ki te kupu. Rapua te tikanga hohonu o te rerenga kōrero Māori, ka hanga hou ai i roto i te raupapa SOV o te reo Nepari.
• Mārama ki te Whanaungatanga: Whiriwhiria te taumata whakahonore tika i roto i te reo Nepari e whakaatu ana i te whakahaere tapu me te mana o te kōrero taketake.
• Pupuri i te Rerenga kōrero: Hei ngā kupu ahurea motuhake (pēnei i te marae, whakapapa), he pai ake i ētahi wā te pupuri i te kupu taketake me te tapiri i tētahi whakamārama poto mā te reo Nepari (hei tauira: मरे - माओरी सामुदायिक घर, mō te marae).
• Mātua Whakakāngia te Reo Hākinakina me te Wairua: Ko ngā reo e rua he reo e kī ana i te pepeha, te whakataukī, me te reo whakaahua. Me whai te kaiwhakawhiti kia rite tonu te reo wairua o te tuhinga ina oti te whakawhiti.