Ko te whakawhiti reo i waenga i te reo Māori me te reo Kazakh he mahi taketake e hono ana i ngā ao rerekē e rua: ko te ao o Te Moana-nui-a-Kiwa me te ao o Central Asia. Ahakoa he rerekē rawa ngā whakapapa o ēnei reo e rua—he reo Ahitonihia (Austronesian) te reo Māori, ā, he reo take Tūki (Turkic) te reo Kazakh—he nui tonu ngā uauatanga me ngā āhuatanga whakahihiri e pā ana ki te whakamāoritanga o tētahi ki tētahi. Mā tēnei aratohu matawhānui e whakaatu ngā tikanga, ngā rerekētanga wetereo, me ngā tohutohu mō te whakatutuki i tētahi whakamāoritanga kounga tiketike e whakaute ana ki ngā ahurea e rua.
Te Takenga me te Whakaritenga Matua o ngā Whānau Reo
He mea nui kia mārama te kaiwhakamaori ki te whakapapa o ngā reo e rua i mua i te tīmatanga o te mahi. Ko te reo Māori he reo e whakanui ana i te pūnaha wetereo ā-tinana me te whakamahi i ngā kīanga porowhita. He reo VSO (Verb-Subject-Object) te hanganga matua o te rerenga kōrero i roto i te reo Māori. Ina whakaritea ki te reo Kazakh, he reo honohono (agglutinative) tēnei e whai ana i te hanganga SOV (Subject-Object-Verb). Ko te tikanga o tēnei, ko te kupu mahi kei te mutunga o te rerenga kōrero i roto i te reo Kazakh, ā, he maha ngā tāpiritanga kupu (suffixes) e piri ana ki te kupu matua hei whakaatu i te mahi, te wā, me te ahunga.
I te reo Māori, ka whakamahia ngā kupu tohu (particles) pēnei i te "e", "i", "ki", "he", me "te" hei whakaatu i te hononga o ngā kupu. I te reo Kazakh, kāore ēnei kupu tohu i te tīmatanga, engari ka piri tonu ki te mutunga o te kupu hei kaihono. Hei tauira, ko te kīanga Māori "ki te whare" ka riro hei "үйге" (üyge) ki te reo Kazakh, kei reira te "-ге" (ge) hei tohu i te ahunga "ki". Mā tēnei rerekētanga nui e tono te kaiwhakamaori kia wetewete i te rerenga katoa i mua i te hanga i te rerenga hou ki te reo whai.
Nga Rerekētanga Wetereo me te Hanganga Rereunga
Ko tētahi o ngā wero nui rawa atu mō te kaiwhakamaori ko te whakatakotoranga o ngā kupu mahi me ngā tūpou. I roto i te reo Māori, he tino ngāwari te wetereo i ētahi wā, engari ka mana nui te horopaki. Hei tauira, te whakamahi i ngā kupu pēnei i te "a" me te "o" hei whakaatu i te mana pupuri (possession)—te mana "o" mō ngā mea e kore e taea te whiriwhiri (pēnei i te mātua, te tinana, ngā waka nunui) me te mana "a" mō ngā mea ka taea te whiriwhiri (pēnei i te kai, te pukapuka). Kāore tēnei wehewehenga i te reo Kazakh, heoi, kei te reo Kazakh ngā momo tūpou rerekē pēnei i te āhua o te whakaute (ara, te tūpou "you" hei "сен" mō te hoa tata, me te "сіз" hei tohu whakaute ki te rangatira, ki te kaumatua rānei).
Me aro nui hoki ki ngā kupu mahi. I te reo Māori, ka tohu te kupu mahi i te wā mā te whakamahi i ngā kupu tohu wā pēnei i te "kua", "kei te", "e... ana", me "i". I te reo Kazakh, he tino matatini te pūnaha kupu mahi me ōna tūmomo āhuatanga (aspects) me ngā tini tūhononga whakaingoa e huri ana i te kupu mahi kia hāngai ki te reo tangata me te maha o ngā persōna. Mā te aro turuki i ēnei āhuatanga e kore ai e ngaro te tino tikanga o te kōrero taketake.
Te Whakawhiti i ngā Tikanga me ngā Kupu Taketake
Ko te ahurea te manawa o ngā reo e rua. Ko te reo Māori e kawe ana i te kaupapa o te ao Māori, te Tikanga me te Kawa. He pēnei anō te reo Kazakh e whakaata ana i te oranga nomad o ngā tīpuna, te whakaute ki ngā kaumatua, me te manaakitanga ki ngā manuhiri. Anei ētahi kupu taketake Māori me te ahunga ki te whakamāori ki te reo Kazakh:
- Mana: He kupu e tohu ana i te mana, te hōnore, me te mana tapu o te tangata, o te wāhi rānei. Ki te reo Kazakh, kāore he kupu kotahi hei tohu i tēnei, engari ka taea te whakamahi i ngā kupu pēnei i te "абырой" (abýroı - hōnore) rānei ko te "ықпал" (yqpal - awe/influence) i runga i te horopaki o te kōrero.
- Tapu: Ko te mea kua rāhuitia, kua tapu rānei mō te taha wairua. Ka taea te whakamahi i te kupu Kazakh "киели" (kıelı - tapu/sacred) hei whakaatu i tēnei āhuatanga wairua.
- Mauri: Te hauora me te kaha ora o ngā mea katoa. He mea uaua tēnei ki te whakamāori. Ka taea te whakamahi i te kupu "жан" (jan - wairua/life force) rānei "тіршілік қуаты" (tīrshīlīk quaty - te kaha o te oranga) hei tata atu ki tōna tino tikanga.
- Kaitiakitanga: Te tiaki i te whenua me te taiao. I te reo Kazakh, ka taea te whakamahi i te kupu "қамқорлық" (qamqorlyq - manaaki/tiaki) rānei "табиғатты қорғау" (tabıgatty qorgay - te tiaki i te taiao).
Ina whakawhitia ēnei kupu, me whakamahi i ētahi wā ngā kōrero whakamārama (expository translation) i roto i te reo Kazakh kia kore ai te kaipanui e pōhēhē ki te tino tikanga o aua kaupapa Māori whakahirahira.
SEO me te Hanga Ihirangi ā-Reo
Mo te hunga e whai ana ki te whakaputa ihirangi i te ipurangi, he mea nui te Search Engine Optimization (SEO). Hei whakapai ake i te kitea o tō tuhinga i runga i ngā miihini rapu pēnei i a Google, me aro ki ēnei tohutohu matua:
- Whakamahia ngā Kupu Tohu Tika: Rapua ngā kupu matua e whakamahia ana e te hunga e rapu ana i ngā kōrero whakapā i waenga i te reo Māori me te reo Kazakh. Whakamahia ngā kīanga pēnei i te "maori kazakh audarma" (whakamāoritanga Māori Kazakh) me te "whakamaori reo Māori".
- Waerenga Hanganga Metadata: Me whakarite kia rite te taitara (title tag) me te whakaahuatanga matua (meta description) ki te reo o te hunga e whai ana. Mēnā e tuhi ana koe mō tētahi manuhiri Kazakh, me mātua whakarite ko te taitara kei te reo Kazakh, engari mēnā kei te tuhi koe mō ngā miihini rapu reo Māori, me noho ko te reo Māori te matua.
- Whakatakotoranga Maamaa: Whakamahia ngā tohu H2, H3, me ngā rārangi (bullet points) hei āwhina i te miihini rapu ki te wetewete i te hanganga o te tuhinga.
He Tāpaetanga Tohutohu mō ngā Kaiwhakamaori
Hei whakarāpopoto, koinei ētahi tohutohu matua hei whai mā te kaiwhakamaori ina mahi ana i waenga i ēnei reo e rua:
- Kōrero ki ngā Mātanga: Mēnā he uaua tētahi kupu ahurea, kōrero ki tētahi kaumatua Māori, ki tētahi mātanga reo Kazakh rānei hei whakapumau i te hononga tika.
- Whakaarohia te Hunga Panui: Whakatauhia mēnā ko te reo o te whare wānanga, the reo o te iwi whānui rānei te mea tika mō tō tuhinga.
- Kāore he Whakamāori ā-Kupu (Literal Translation): Arowhitihia te tikanga o te rerenga kōrero, kaua e whakamāori i ia kupu kotahi. He rereke rawa ngā hanganga wetereo, ā, ka tūkino te whakamāori ā-kupu i te rere o te reo.
- Whakaute i te Wairua o te Reo: Kia noho ko te whakaute me te ngakau mahaki ki ngā reo e rua te arataki i tō upoko me tō ringa tuhi.
Mā te whai i ēnei huarahi, ka noho tō whakamāoritanga hei piriti pono, hei ara e tūhono ai ngā iwi, ngā ahurea, me ngā rārangi kōrero o Aotearoa ki ngā mania whānui o Kazakhstan.