Kuturikirwa kwemashoko kubva mumutauro weChiShona kuenda mumutauro weChiTagalog (unove mutauro mukuru unotaurwa munyika yePhilippines) idanho rakaoma asi rinonakidza zvikuru. ChiShona, unova mutauro weBantu unotaurwa munyika yeZimbabwe neimwe migove yeSouthern Africa, chine nhoroondo yakadzama uye chimiro chemutauro chakasiyana zvachose neChiTagalog, icho chinobva kumhuri yemitauro yeAustronesian. Kuti mushanduri akwanise kuita basa iri nemazvo, anofanira kunzwisisa zvakadzama misiyano yegirama, madimikira, uye tsika dzevanhu vanotaura mitauro iyi.
Iyi nhungamiro yakagadzirirwa kubatsira vashanduri kuti vakwanise kuyambuka muganhu wezvemutauro uyu vasingarasikirwi nechinangwa chekutanga chenyaya. Muchikamu chino, tichatarisa zvakadzama nezvemaumbirwo emitauro iyi, matambudziko anowanzoitika, uye mazano anogona kushandiswa pakuturikira.
Girama Nezvivakwa zveMitauro: SVO vs VSO
Mumwe musiyano mukuru uye wakakosha uyo mushanduri wese anofanira kuziva ndewemaitiro ekurongwa kwemashoko mumitsara (sentence structure). Mutauro weChiShona unoshandisa maitiro eSubject-Verb-Object (SVO), apo musoro wechirevo unotanga, kuchitevera chiito, kozoti chiriitirwa. Semuyenzaniso: "Mukomana anoda chikafu." Pano, "Mukomana" ndiye musoro wechirevo (Subject), "anoda" ndicho chiito (Verb), uye "chikafu" ndicho chiriitirwa (Object).
Kusiyana neChiShona, ChiTagalog chinonyanya kushandisa nzira yeVerb-Subject-Object (VSO) kana Verb-Object-Subject (VOS). Izvi zvinoreva kuti chiito ndicho chinowanzo tanga muchirevo. Semuyenzaniso, chirevo chiripamusoro ichocho chinogona kushandurwa kuchinzi: "Gusto ng lalaki ang pagkain" (kureva kuti: "Anoda wemukomana chikafu"). Kune mushanduri wechiShona, izvi zvinoda shanduko yepfungwa kuitira kuti asatevedzera kurongeka kwechirevo cheShona izwi nezwi, izvo zvinogona kuita kuti chirevo chechiTagalog chinzwike sezvisiri izvo kana kuti chisina kurongeka.
Maitiro eTarisiro yeChiito (Verb Focus System) muChiTagalog
ChiTagalog chine chimiro chakasiyana chemutauro chinonzi "Focus System" (kana kuti pokus). Iyi inzira apo chiito chinenge chine zvivakashure kana zvikomberedzo zvinoratidza kuti ndechipi chikamu chechirevo chiri kunyanya kutariswa (kungave munhu ari kuita chiito, ari kuitirwa, nzvimbo, kana mudziyo uri kushandiswa). Izvi zvinoitwa nekushandisa zviratidzo zvakadai se ang, ng, uye sa.
- Ang: Inoratidza musoro wechirevo kana kuti pfungwa huru iri kutariswa (Focus).
- Ng: Inoratidza vanhu kana zvinhu zviri kuita chimwe chinhu asi zvisiri kutariswa zvakanyanya, kana varidzi vezvinhu.
- Sa: Inoratidza nzvimbo kana kwakanangidzirwa chiito.
MuChiShona, chimiro chakadai hachipo nenzira yakafanana. Shona inoshandisa zvivakashure (noun classes) zvakaita se "mu-", "va-", "chi-", "zvi-" kuratidza mupanda wezvikamu zvezvinhu. Naizvozvo, mushanduri anofanira kungwarira zvikuru pakusarudza chiratidzo chakakodzera muChiTagalog kuitira kuti asakanganisa pfungwa iri kuburitswa muchirevo cheShona.
Kugarisana kweTsika neShanduro (Cultural Transcreation)
Kuturikira hakusi kungochinjanisa mashoko bedzi, asi ndiko kusanganiswa kwetsika dzevanhu. ChiShona chakapfuma nemadimikira, tsumo, uye ngano dzinotsanangura mararamiro eVashona muZimbabwe. Zvakadaro, ChiTagalog chakazarawo nepesvedzero yetsika dzechiSpanish netsika dzekuAmerica nekuda kwenhoroondo yenyika yePhilippines. Izvi zvinoita kuti pave nekusiyana kukuru kwemashoko anotsanangura ukama, chikafu, uye zvitendero.
Semuyenzaniso, muChiShona tine mazwi anotsanangura ukama hwakadzama zvakadzama akadai sekuti "babamukuru", "babamunini", "mainini", kana "tete". MuChiTagalog, kune mashoko anoratidza kuremekedza zvakare akadai sekuti Kuya (kureva mukoma wemurume) kana kuti Ate (kureva mukoma wemukadzi), uyewo kushandiswa kwemazwi ekuremekedza akaita sekuti po uye opo. Mushanduri anofanira kunzwisisa mamiriro ezvinhu kuitira kuti ashandise mazwi anoratidza kuremekedza kwakakodzera mutsika dzechiTagalog.
Matambudziko neMazano eVashanduri
Kuti uve mushanduri ane hunyanzvi hunooneka, heano mamwe matambudziko aunosangana nawo nemazano ekuti ungaakunda sei:
- Dambudziko reMashoko Matsva (Neologisms): Nemhaka yekuti mitauro iyi inobva munzvimbo dzakasiyana dzegeographic, mamwe mazwi emichina kana ezvemazuva ano anogona kunge asina tsananguro yakananga muChiShona kana muChiTagalog.
Zano: Shandisa tsananguro inonzwisisika (paraphrasing) panzvimbo yekugadzira mazwi matsva asinganzwisisiki nevanhu. - Kudzivirira Shanduro yeZwi neZwi (Literal Translation): Izvi zvinoitika kana mushanduri akatadza kunzwisisa revo yakavanzika yezvirevo. Chirevo chakadai sekuti "Kugara nhaka yemombe neyechitema" hachigoni kushandurwa izwi nezwi kuenda muChiTagalog nekuti chinorasikirwa nerevo yacho yose.
Zano: Tsvaga revo chaiyo yedimikira racho, wozoitsanangura kana kutsvaga rimwe dimikira rine revo yakafanana muChiTagalog. - Kushandisa zvishandiso zvekubatsira (CAT Tools): Nyange zvazvo kune zvishandiso zvakaita seGoogle Translate, zviratidzo zvekodhi nezvivakwa zveTagalog zvakanyanya kuoma zvakadaro zvekuti michina inogona kukanganisa zvakanyanya.
Zano: Basa rako rinofanira kugara rakagadziriswa nemunhu anotaura mutauro wechiTagalog semutauro wake wekuberekwa (native proofreader).
Kukosha kweMhedziso yeShanduro Yakatsarukana
Basa rekuturikira pakati peChiShona neChiTagalog rinoita kuti pave nekubatana kukuru pakati petsika dzeAfrica nedzeSoutheast Asia. Kuburikidza neshanduro yakatsarukana, vanhu vanokwanisa kugovana ruzivo, bhizinesi, uye mabhuku enhoroondo nenzira kwayo. Semushanduri, chinangwa chako chikuru chinofanira kuva chekuchengetedza mweya nemanzwiro ezvinyorwa kuitira kuti muverengi wechiTagalog anzwe kunge rugwaro urwu rwakanyorwa mumutauro make kubva pakutanga.