Kushandurwa kwemitauro yeAfrica kwava chinhu chakakosha zvikuru munyika yanhasi sezvo kudyidzana kwezvekutengeserana, tsika, nemagariro pakati pematunhu akasiyana-siyana kuri kuramba kuchiwedzera. Pakati pemitauro inoda vashanduri vane hunyanzvi pane chiShona, chinova mutauro weBantu unotaurwa zvikuru muZimbabwe neimwe matunhu muMozambique, nechiIgbo, unova mutauro weVolta-Niger unotaurwa nevanhu mamiriyoni akawanda kuNigeria nekumadokero kwemubatanidzwa weAfrica. Kunyange zvazvo mitauro iyi yose iri pasi pemhuri hombe yeNiger-Congo, ine misiyano yakakura kwazvo mune zvegiramu, madimikira, mashandisirwo emanzwi, uye tsika. Gwaro rino rakanangana nekubatsira vaturikiri nevanoda kuziva nezvenzira dzakakodzera dzekushandura nadzo mashoko kubva pachiShona kuenda pachiIgbo nemazvo pasina kurasikirwa nerevo yepakutanga.
Kunzwisisa Hukama nemisiyano yezvegiramu pakati peChiShona neChiIgbo
Kuti munhu akwanise kuturikira zvine hunyanzvi kubva pachiShona kuenda pachiIgbo, anofanira kutanga anyatsonzwisisa maumbirwo emitauro iyi miviri. ChiShona mutauro unotsamira zvikuru pamupanda wemazita (noun classes). Mupanda wega wega une zvivakashure (prefixes) zvinotara kuwanda kana kushomeka kwemazita uyewo zvinotonga zvibatanidzo zvechiito (subject-verb agreement). Somuenzaniso, mutsara unoti "Munhu mukuru ari kufamba" ine chivakashure "mu-" panzita, chipauro, nechiito. MuchiIgbo, maumbirwo aya akasiyana zvikuru. ChiIgbo hachina mipanda yemazita yakawanda ine zvibatanidzo zvakawandisa sezvakaita chiShona, asi chinotsamira zvikuru pamaumbirwo emitsara akatwasuka nemitoo yekubatanidza zviito (serial verb constructions).
Mukuwedzera, vashanduri vanofanira kuziva kuti chiIgbo chinotsamira pane zvirevo zvakabatanidzwa zviito zvakatevedzana kuita pfungwa imwe chete. Somuenzaniso, muchiIgbo, kuti utsanangure chiito chokuti "kuunza" (to bring), vanoshandisa zviito zviviri zvinoti "tora" (tara) uye "uya" (bịa), izvo zvinozivikanwa se "wetara" (kureva tora uuye nazvo). Izvi zvinoreva kuti muturikiri wechiShona haafaniri kutsvaga izwi rimwe chete nguva dzose muchiIgbo, asi anofanira kunzwisisa pfungwa yacho obatanidza zviito nenzira inonzwika zvakanaka kune ane mutauro wechiIgbo. Kana izvi zvikasaitwa nemazvo, mutsara wacho unogona kuita seusinganzwisisiki kana kurasikirwa nerevo zvachose.
Mupanda weNguva neMitoo yeZviito (Tenses and Verb Aspects)
Kusiyana kwekuumbwa kwezviito ndeimwe nhanho inonetsa vashanduri vakawanda. ChiShona chinoshandisa zvivakashure zvakasiyana-siyana mukati mechiito (infixes) kuratidza nguva, yakadai se "-cha-" kuratidza nguva yemberi (somuenzaniso, "ndichafamba"), kana "-aka-" kuratidza nguva yakapfuura zvakadzama ("ndakafamba"). Pane kudaro, chiIgbo chinoshandisa zvisungazwi zvinotevera chiito (suffixes) pamwe chete nezviito zvakatsiga zvinobatsira (auxiliary verbs) kuratidza nguva uye mamiriro ezviito. Somuenzaniso, chiIgbo chinoshandisa chiratidzo "na" kuratidza chiito chiri kuitika iye zvino (continuous aspect), sekuumbwa kwemutsara wekuti "m na-eri nri" (ndiri kudya chikafu). Muturikiri anofanira kuve neunyanzvi hwekuchinjanisa maumbirwo aya pasina kukanganisa nguva inenge ichitaurwa munhoroondo yepakutanga.
Basa reManzwi (Tones) mune Zvakanyorwa zveChiIgbo
Kunyange zvazvo chiShona chiri mutauro une manzwi anokwira neakaderera (tonal language), kushandiswa kwemanzwi muchiIgbo kwakanyanya kuomesa zvinhu zvakapetwa kakawanda. MuchiIgbo, manzwi anogona kushandura revo yeizwi zvachose kunyange zvazvo mavara aro akanyorwa akafanana. Izvi zvinoreva kuti panonyorwa mutauro wechiIgbo, kushandiswa kwemasaini emanzwi (tone marks) kwakakosha zvikuru kuti muverengi anzwisise. Somuenzaniso, izwi rekuti "akwa" rinogona kureva zvinhu zvakasiyana zvachose zvichienderana nemanzwi:
- Ákwà - jira kana chipfeko.
- Àkwà - mubhedha.
- Àkwá - zai.
- Ákwá - kuchema.
Kana muturikiri achishandura kubva pachiShona, anofanira kungwarira zvikuru paanosarudza mazwi echiIgbo akakodzera. Kudai mutsara wemuchishona wakati "Mwana ari kuchema pamubhedha", pakushandura kuenda pachiIgbo muturikiri anofanira kuisa chiratidzo chemanzwi chakarurama pane zvakanyorwa kuti zvisakanganise muverengi achifunga kuti mwana ari kuchema zai kana jira. Hunyanzvi uhwu hunoda kuti mushanduri asangoziva mutauro chete, asi ave neunyanzvi hwekunyora chiIgbo chakadzama chine madhiyakiriti (diacritics) ose akakodzera.
Tsika Nemagariro: Tsumo, Madimikira neKupindirana Kwezvirevo
Unyanzvi hwekuturikira hunoonekana zvakajeka pakubata madimikira netsumo (idioms and proverbs). ChiShona nechiIgbo mitauro yakapfuma zvikuru netsumo dzinoratidza huchenjeri hwechinyakare hwemagariro evanhu vemuAfrica. Mukushandura, kutora tsumo yekuShona woishandura shoko nezwi (literal translation) kuenda muchiIgbo chimhaka chinogona kukonzeresa nyonganyonga hombe mupfungwa. Kuti unyatsoturikira nemazvo, unofanira kutsvaga tsumo inoreva zvakafanana muchiIgbo inoshandisa mifananidzo inozivikanwa nemagariro ekuNigeria.
Somuenzaniso, tsumo yechiShona inoti: "Chara chimwe hachitswanyi nda" (kureva kuti munhu mumwe chete haagoni kupedza basa guru pasina vamwe). Kana ukaishandura sezvariri kuenda muchiIgbo, inogona kunge isina revo yakadzama kumwana wechiIgbo. Asi, chiIgbo chine tsumo yakafanana zvikuru inoti: "Otu aka anaghị eke ngwugwu" (kureva kuti ruoko rumwe chete harugoni kusungirira ngwundu yephakeji). Kushandisa nzira iyi ye "dynamic equivalence" kunoita kuti muverengi wechiIgbo anzwe sekuti chinyorwa chacho chakanyorwa zvakananga mumutauro wake, zvichisimudzira kunaka kwemutauro wechinyorwa uye kukwezva muverengi.
Kugadzirisa Mapeji eWebhusaiti neSEO yechiIgbo nechiShona
Munyika yanhasi yedhijitari, kuturikirwa kwezvinyorwa kunoshandiswawo zvikuru pamasaiti emadandemutande kuitira kuti zvive nyore kuwanikwa nevanhu vanoshandisa mainjini ekutsvaga (Search Engine Optimization - SEO). Vashanduri vanoshanda nemitauro iyi vanofanira kuziva mashandisirwo emazwi akakosha (keywords) ayo vanhu vechiIgbo vanonyanya kushandisa pavanenge vachitsvaga ruzivo paGoogle kana mamwe mainjini. Somuenzaniso, mazwi anotsanangura tsika, kurapwa kwechivanhu, kudya, nemimhanzi anofanira kunyatsogadziriswa kuitira kuti saiti yacho iwane vanhu vakawanda.
Kushandiswa kwezviratidzo zvemanzwi muchiIgbo zvakare kunokanganisa SEO. Kunyange zvazvo vanhu vakawanda pavanotsvaga pamasaiti vasinganyatsonyori zviratidzo izvi (semuenzaniso vanotsvaga "ịgbo" vachingonyora "igbo"), pakunyorwa kwechinyorwa zvakakosha kuisa mazwi ose nemazvo kuitira kuti injini dzekutsvaga dzinzwisise musimboti wechinyorwa chako. Izvi zvinodzivirira kuti injini dzekutsvaga dzisavhiringidza mapeji ako nekuisa mashoko asina kukodzera. Kune vaturikiri, izvi zvinoreva kushandisa matekinoroji echizvino-zvino nekuongorora zvakadzama kuti ndedzipi nzira dzakakodzera dzekugadzira misoro yenyaya nemitsara inokwezva vanhu mumitauro miviri iyi.
Mazano Anobatsira Vaturikiri paKushandura kubva paChiShona kuenda paChiIgbo
Kuti uve mushanduri ane mbiri anobudisa basa remhando yepamusoro, tevedzera mazano anotevera munzendo dzako dzekushandura mitauro yeAfrica:
- Nzwisisa Mutauri weChivanhu (Target Audience): Gara uchiyeuka kuti unyanzvi hwechiIgbo hune mapato akawanda (dialects). Kunyange zvazvo kune chiIgbo chinonyorwa chakabatana (Central Igbo kana Igbo Izugbe), kune misiyano inogona kuvapo zvichienderana nekwakabva vanhu. Sarudza mutsindo unogamuchirika zviri pamutemo mumabhuku nenhau.
- Rega Kushandura Shoko neShoko: Rangarira kuti mutauro wega wega une kurerutswa kwayo nemapinduriro anoita mitsara. Isa pfungwa pane revo yose yemutsara pane kuedza kushandura rimwe nerimwe shoko.
- Simbisa Madhiyakiriti eChiIgbo: Kurasika kwekachiratidzo kudiki (sub-dots kana accents) pane mamwe mavara echiIgbo akafanana ne "ọ", "ị", kana "ụ" kunogona kushandura mutsara wose kubva pakuva chirevo chakanaka kuita tsvete kana mashoko anonyadzisa.
- Batanidza Vanamazvikokota Vemuno: Mushure mekuturikira, gara uine munhu akazvarwa achitaura chiIgbo (native speaker) kuti aongorore chinyorwa chako kuitira kuti mutauro wacho unzwike zvakanaka uye uve wechivanhu chose.
Kushandura pakati pemitauro miviri yakapfuma kudai kunoda moyo murefu, ruzivo rwakadzama rwezvegiramu, nekuremekedza tsika dzevanhu vanotaura mitauro iyi. Kuburikidza nekutevedzera nzira dzakakurukurwa mugwaro rino, vaturikiri vanogona kupa ruzivo rwakavimbika rwunobatsira vanhu vese vari vaviri kunzwisisana uye kusimudzira hupfumi netsika dzeAfrica yose.